Rock Collection and ID Chart - 18 Rocks - Igneous, Metamorphic, Sedimentary - from DINOSAURS ROCK

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Fan-shaped deposits caused by moving water; usually found in arid or semi-arid regions; contains gravel, sand, silt, and/or clay; poorly sorted; high energy; creates alluvial fans. Example in Google Earth: Death Valley National Park, California. Siderian (?– 2450 Ma) – moved from Proterozoic to end of Archean, no start time given, base of Paleoproterozoic defines the end of the Siderian Dense masses of microscopic quartz crystals give chert its smooth, splintery fracture and notable durability. Nodules of chert often occur interbedded within limestone and dolostone strata, creating picturesque banded patterns. The red and brown hues common in some chert stem from iron oxide inclusions. Messinian Event with hypersaline lakes in empty Mediterranean Basin. Sahara desert formation begins. Moderate icehouse climate, punctuated by ice ages and re-establishment of East Antarctic Ice Sheet. Choristoderes, the last non-crocodilian crocodylomorphs and creodonts go extinct. After separating from gorilla ancestors, chimpanzee and human ancestors gradually separate; Sahelanthropus and Orrorin in Africa.

Jatulian or Eukaryian Period/System ( 2250–2060 Ma) – names are respectively for the Lomagundi–Jatuli δ 13C isotopic excursion event spanning its duration, and for the (proposed) [72] [73] first fossil appearance of eukaryotes. [57] Crutzen, Paul J.; Stoermer, Eugene F. (2021), Benner, Susanne; Lax, Gregor; Crutzen, Paul J.; Pöschl, Ulrich (eds.), "The 'Anthropocene' (2000)", Paul J. Crutzen and the Anthropocene: A New Epoch in Earth's History, The Anthropocene: Politik—Economics—Society—Science, Cham: Springer International Publishing, vol.1, pp.19–21, doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-82202-6_2, ISBN 978-3-030-82201-9, S2CID 245639062 , retrieved 15 April 2022 How does the horizontal geothermal gradient compare with vertical geothermal gradients in stable continental crust?Derived from the Greek words παλιός ( palaiós) meaning 'old', and γενεά ( geneá) meaning 'genesis' or 'birth'. Final assembly of Rodinia supercontinent occurs in early Tonian, with breakup beginning c. 800Ma. Sveconorwegian orogeny ends. Grenville Orogeny tapers off in North America. Lake Ruker / Nimrod Orogeny in Antarctica, 1,000±150Ma. Edmundian Orogeny (c. 920–850Ma), Gascoyne Complex, Western Australia. Deposition of Adelaide Superbasin and Centralian Superbasin begins on Australian continent. First hypothetical animals (from holozoans) and terrestrial algal mats. Many endosymbiotic events concerning red and green algae occur, transferring plastids to ochrophyta (e.g. diatoms, brown algae), dinoflagellates, cryptophyta, haptophyta, and euglenids (the events may have begun in the Mesoproterozoic) [90] while the first retarians (e.g. forams) also appear: eukaryotes diversify rapidly, including algal, eukaryovoric and biomineralised forms. Trace fossils of simple multi-celled eukaryotes. Relationships of unconformities – Geologic features representing periods of erosion or non-deposition, indicating non-continuous sediment deposition.

Affected by the tides; mainly silt and clay; can create tidal flats; low energy. Example in Google Earth: Bay of Fundy, Nova Scotia. a b c d e Michael Allaby (2020). A dictionary of geology and earth sciences (Fifthed.). Oxford. ISBN 978-0-19-187490-1. OCLC 1137380460. {{ cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link) Gibbard, Philip L.; Bauer, Andrew M.; Edgeworth, Matthew; Ruddiman, William F.; Gill, Jacquelyn L.; Merritts, Dorothy J.; Finney, Stanley C.; Edwards, Lucy E.; Walker, Michael J. C.; Maslin, Mark; Ellis, Erle C. (15 November 2021). "A practical solution: the Anthropocene is a geological event, not a formal epoch". Episodes. 45 (4): 349–357. doi: 10.18814/epiiugs/2021/021029. ISSN 0705-3797. S2CID 244165877.

Rocks: Igneous, Metamorphic and Sedimentary

Subramanian, Meera (21 May 2019). "Anthropocene now: influential panel votes to recognise Earth's new epoch". Nature: d41586–019–01641–5. doi: 10.1038/d41586-019-01641-5. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 32433629. S2CID 182238145. An eon is the largest geochronologic time unit and is equivalent to a chronostratigraphic eonothem. [12] There are four formally defined eons: the Hadean, Archean, Proterozoic and Phanerozoic. [2]

Bauer, Andrew M.; Edgeworth, Matthew; Edwards, Lucy E.; Ellis, Erle C.; Gibbard, Philip; Merritts, Dorothy J. (16 September 2021). "Anthropocene: event or epoch?". Nature. 597 (7876): 332. Bibcode: 2021Natur.597..332B. doi: 10.1038/d41586-021-02448-z. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 34522014. S2CID 237515330.

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a b The Tertiary is a now obsolete geologic system/period spanning from 66 Ma to 2.6 Ma. It has no exact equivalent in the modern ICC, but is approximately equivalent to the merged Palaeogene and Neogene systems/periods.