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Making threats of suicide as a method of controlling the victim, especially to prevent them from leaving. Research indicates an association between domestic homicide and perpetrator suicidal ideation, self-harm, and threats of suicide. [footnote 51] An examination of Thames Valley Police records found that those who committed serious domestic assault were nearly three times more likely to be suicidal than other violent offenders; [footnote 52] and The independent Sentencing Council, which develops sentencing guidelines for courts, has issued a guideline on controlling or coercive behaviour . This provides guidance on factors the court must take into account that may affect the sentence and sets out different levels of sentence, within the maximum penalty, based on the harm caused to the victim and the culpability of the offender.

Refusing to interpret (including British Sign Language, BSL, for deaf victims) on behalf of the victim; Police officers should avoid dual arrests, especially if there are children present, but this is not always possible. Where counter-allegations are made at the scene, officers should evaluate each party’s complaint separately to determine whether there was a primary perpetrator. [footnote 33]the victim is no longer in a relationship with the perpetrator or does not want to re-live the incident; Accurate crime recording can support with assessing risk as well as evidencing controlling or coercive behaviour more generally. Officers may respond to an initially seemingly unrelated incident, or a single incident which does not amount to an offence on its own, but over time this could build the case for a controlling or coercive behaviour prosecution. Body Worn Videos (BWVs) can be used by officers attending a callout to assist in capturing evidence, for example, the victim’s account, home conditions (e.g. if damage has been disclosed), safeguarding issues (e.g. children that are present during the incident) and the suspect’s demeanour. The 2015 Act does not specify a timeframe between repeated incidents of controlling or coercive behaviour, therefore, the abuse does not necessarily have to take place in immediate succession. The controlling or coercive behaviour could be a combination of different types of abusive behaviour, for example economic, emotional, sexual or physical. Other abuses may be present and other offences may apply in addition to controlling or coercive behaviour. However, where abuse takes place on two occasions but over a prolonged period (for example, ten years apart), it is unlikely that this will be considered behaviour that has occurred repeatedly or continuously. Officers should accurately record any relevant information over an extended period of time, as those perpetrating abuse can continue the abuse for years, including after separation. For example, case law shows that incidents on birthdays and anniversaries can constitute controlling or coercive behaviour. [footnote 8]

The amount of control that the victim has in the relationship, including on financial decisions and the victim’s access to internet and communication devicesPreventing the victim from taking medication, or accessing medical equipment, or over-medicating them; and This is included as part of the College of Policing’s risk assessment tool, the Domestic Abuse Risk Assessment (DARA), which is designed to make it easier for officers to identify controlling or coercive behaviour. if you make a decision for someone who does not have capacity, it must be in their best interests; and Subsections (8) to (10) of Section 76 of the Serious Crime Act 2015 provide for a defence where the defendant believes he or she was acting in the best interests of the victim, and that the behaviour was in all the circumstances reasonable. a manipulative perpetrator may be trying to draw the police into colluding with their control or coercion of the victim, by making a false incident report.