Genghis Khan and the Making of the Modern World

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Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3 . Retrieved 2 March 2022.

This book is all about when he hit his peak. This book covers the Mongol’s conflict with the Muslims in the east. This book discusses Genghis Khan’s accomplishments but also his mistakes. This book also shares a lot of insight and Genghis Khan’s family. Iggulden introduces Genghis Khan’s son Jochi, who struggles for his father’s approval. This book has so much juice on Genghis Khan. He was so many things: an emperor, a war leader, a father, a husband, and so much more. These five books cover all sides of him. It has a standard narrative of Chinggis Khan’s history, good analysis and good discussions of various aspects of his life, but it also looks at his legacy and the legacy of the Mongol Empire in the Islamic world. When the Mongols come into the Islamic world—particularly Chinggis Khan—they’re seen as the punishment of God. Indeed, one source we have relates how he comes to Bukhara, enters the mosque during Friday prayers, goes up to the pulpit and announces that he is the punishment of God. And if not for the sins of their rulers, God would not have sent a punishment like him. During the communist period in Mongolia, Genghis was often described by the government as a reactionary figure, and positive statements about him were avoided. [188] In 1962, the erection of a monument at his birthplace and a conference held in commemoration of his 800th birthday led to criticism from the Soviet Union and the dismissal of secretary Tömör-Ochir of the ruling Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party Central Committee. The Secret History of the Mongols gets its name because it’s thought that it was only supposed to be read by Mongols, really only by the royal family. It is a book that may have started to be written shortly after Chinggis Khan’s death. We don’t know who the author is. There’s been all sorts of speculation. For a long time it was thought to be by Shiqi Qutuqu, who was an adopted brother, or adopted son—depending on how you interpret the relationship—of Chinggis Khan. There’s also been a suggestion that it could have been written by Ögödei, who was the second ruler of the Empire and the son of Chinggis Khan. And I’ve even seen a suggestion that it might have been a woman within the Mongol court—who, we don’t know.Derenko MV, Malyarchuka BA, Wozniakb M, Denisovaa GA, Dambuevac IK, Dorzhud CM, Grzybowskib T, Zakharove IA (March 2007). "Distribution of the male lineages of Genghis Khan's descendants in northern Eurasian populations" (PDF). Russian Journal of Genetics. 43 (3): 334–337. doi: 10.1134/S1022795407030179. PMID 17486763. S2CID 24976689. Bawden, Charles (2022). "Genghis Khan". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 11 October 2022 . Retrieved 17 October 2022. Eventually the Mongols came into the Middle East and got involved in the Crusades. In the 1220s, they were thought to be the armies of King David—a legendary Chris Hung, William (1951). "The Transmission of The Book Known as The Secret History of The Mongols". Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies. Cambridge: Harvard-Yenching Institute. 14 (3/4): 433–492. doi: 10.2307/2718184. JSTOR 2718184. Marco Polo at the court of Kublai Kahn tells of the fantastical cities that he has seen on his journey.

Biran, Michal (2012). Genghis Khan. Makers of the Muslim World. London: Oneworld Publications. ISBN 978-1-78074-204-5.

Brose, Michael C. (2014). "Chinggis (Genghis) Khan". In Brown, Kerry (ed.). The Berkshire Dictionary of Chinese Biography. Great Barrington: Berkshire Publishing Group. ISBN 978-1-933782-66-9. This book contains biographical information on Genghis Khan, but also history on the Mongol empire as a whole. The book is concise, easy to read, and gets straight to the point. This book is engaging and fun for readers. On one of Addis Ababa's main roundabouts today sits a huge recently installed mortar. This is a replica of 'Sevastopol', a 70-ton lump of ordnance commissioned by one of the most extraordinary leaders Africa has ever produced - King of Kings of Ethiopia, the Emperor Theodore. In 1867, as his kingdom collapsed around him, Theodore retreated to his mountain-top stronghold in Magdala. It took his army six months to haul 'Sevastopol' through the gauges… The Secret History survived through translation into Chinese script in the 14th and 15th centuries. [10] The reliability of the Secret History as a historical source has been disputed: while the sinologist Arthur Waley saw it as near-useless from a historical standpoint and valued it only as a literary work, recent historians have increasingly used it to explore Genghis Khan's early life. [11] Although it is clear that the chronology of the work is suspect and that some passages were removed or modified for better narration, the Secret History is valued more highly because the author is often critical of Genghis Khan. In addition to presenting him as indecisive and cynophobic, the Secret History also recounts taboo events such as the murder of his half-brother Behter and the abduction of his wife Börte. [12] Pow, Stephen (2017). "The Last Campaign and Death of Jebe Noyan". Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society. 27 (1): 31–51. doi: 10.1017/S135618631600033X.

Kwanten, Luc (1978). "The Career of Muqali: A Reassessment". Bulletin of Sung and Yüan Studies. 14: 31–38. In part, it is a handbook on how you should rule and how you should do things. There are many examples of what is right and what is wrong, how to treat people, how not to treat people and what you should and shouldn’t do. And, in many ways, Chinggis Khan is the exemplar. After he dies he becomes the model of everything. He is the founding father of the Mongol Empire. Just as many Americans venerate the Founding Fathers of this country, perhaps in an exaggerated way, we get the same thing with Chinggis Khan. He is the role model for everyone. And, often, in other sources, when someone is being accused of mismanagement or improper behavior, they are said to have veered from the the yasa and yosun of Chinggis Khan, the yasa being the laws, the yosun being the custom or traditions. So, it served all sorts of purposes and it’s a magnificent book. You can’t really understand the Mongols without it because it gives you their perspective and also, by reading it, we understand what was important to them. Five Books interviews are expensive to produce. If you're enjoying this interview, please support us by donating a small amount. The brand new novel from the No.1 bestselling author of Emperor, his series on Julius Caesar. The second in the bestselling new Conqueror series on Genghis Khan, it is a wonderful, epic story which Conn Iggulden brings brilliantly to life. The gathering of the tribes of the Mongols has been a long time in coming but finally, triumphantly, Temujin of the Wolves, Genghis Khan, is given the full accolade of the overall leader and their oaths. Now he can begin to meld all the previously warring people into one army, one nation. But the task Genghis has set himself and…

Lkhagvasuren, Gavaachimed; Shin, Heejin; Lee, Si Eun; Tumen, Dashtseveg; Kim, Jae-Hyun; Kim, Kyung-Yong; Kim, Kijeong; Park, Ae Ja; Lee, Ho Woon; Kim, Mi Jin; Choi, Jaesung; Choi, Jee-Hye; Min, Na Young; Lee, Kwang-Ho (2016). "Molecular Genealogy of a Mongol Queen's Family and Her Possible Kinship with Genghis Khan". PLoS ONE. 11 (9): 433. Bibcode: 2016PLoSO..1161622L. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161622. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 5023095. PMID 27627454. But he had respect for religious figures. He was always open to the idea of other heavenly powers and he was always looking for what you might call ‘celestial insurance’. He interacted with Buddhists, Daoists, Muslims—all sorts of people. He was very interested in what wisdom they might have to provide. That was the beginning of what is often known as ‘the Mongol Toleration’ for religions. You might argue it’s more of an indifference. They didn’t initially see a whole lot of purpose in converting to another religion, especially when they were conquering its adherents. The Mongols felt that, if they were conquering other people, it wasn’t obvious what their gods could offer the Mongols that they didn’t already have. But, at the same time, they were willing to play the game. They would talk the talk and work with the officials of conquered people to put the Mongol view, not just into the verbal and written language of the subject people, but expressed in terms, and with religious connotations, that they would understand. Born between 1155 and 1167 and given the name Temüjin, he was the oldest child of Yesugei, a Mongol chieftain of the Borjigin clan, and his wife Hö'elün of the Olkhonud clan. Yesugei died when Temüjin was eight, and his family was abandoned by their tribe in the Mongol steppe. Temüjin gradually built up a small following and allied with Jamukha and Toghrul, two other Mongol chieftains, in campaigns against other Mongol tribes. Due to the erratic nature of the sources, this period of Temüjin's life is uncertain; he may have spent this time as a servant of the Jin dynasty. The alliances with Jamukha and Toghrul failed completely in the early 13th century, but Temüjin was able to defeat both individuals and claim sole rulership over the Mongol tribes. He formally adopted the title "Genghis Khan" at a kurultai in 1206. Find sources: "Conqueror"novel series– news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR ( February 2016) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message) It tells us the story of Chinggis Khan. So, it is a memorial to his life. There is a chapter that starts dealing with the reign of his successor, Ögödei, at the very end.

Man 2004, pp.132–133; Atwood 2004, p.591; May 2018, p.48; Ratchnevsky 1991, pp.104–105; Waterson 2013, p.38. Numerous other steppe empires or polities emerged in Mongolia, like the Turks and the Uyghurs. Those names hang around, but not all the other ones. But the fact that there is a Mongolia today, that there are people who identify themselves as Mongols, that there’s a written language and a spoken language, is part of Chinggis Khan’s legacy. The written language came into being because Chinggis Khan made it happen. He remained illiterate, but he wanted all of his children and his people to be able to read and write. Without him it’s really difficult to envision what Mongolia would be like or what we would call it. But we’ve also found it in other, later Mongol chronicles, where they just took it and inserted it. So, we know when it existed and we have references to it in the sources, but we don’t have an original copy. It’s not like the many versions of Marco Polo’s Travels or something along those lines, where there are 20 different manuscripts. Barthold, Vasily (1992) [1900]. Bosworth, Clifford E. (ed.). Turkestan Down To The Mongol Invasion (Thirded.). Munshiram Manoharlal. ISBN 978-81-215-0544-4. The ignorant view I have in my head, having never really studied Chinggis, is that he was a great warrior who waded through blood to create a massive empire. But he was a great lawgiver as well, was he?Jagchid, Sechin (1979). "The Mongol Khans and Chinese Buddhism and Taoism". The Journal of the International Association of Buddhist Studies. 2 (1): 7–28. I am fascinated by how societies conduct war. Who is expected to fight, and how are they organized? How is technology developed, implemented, and improvised in the heat of battle? And, most importantly, how do its participants make sense of the carnage around them? History is replete with tales of savagery and courage, of honor and depravity. Perilously few of these have been formed into novels, leaving an incomplete and disjointed understanding of thousands of years of struggle. Many authors, including those listed here, paved the path for holistic depictions of historical battle fiction – my hope is to contribute tales from oft-neglected societies, beginning with Belisarius and the 6th-Century Roman Empire.