Sexy Women's Reindeer Fancy Dress Costume

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Kurtén, Björn (1968). Pleistocene Mammals of Europe. Transaction Publishers. pp.170–177. ISBN 978-1-4128-4514-4 . Retrieved 6 August 2013. Social structure, migration and range [ edit ] The size of the antlers plays a significant role in establishing the hierarchy in the herd [161] There is an ox shaped like a stag. In the middle of its forehead a single horn grows between its ears, taller and straighter than the animal horns with which we are familiar. At the top this horn spreads out like the palm of a hand or the branches of a tree. The females are of the same form as the males, and their horns are the same shape and size. Reindeer/caribou ( Rangifer) are in the subfamily Odocoileinae, along with roe deer ( Capreolus), Eurasian elk/moose ( Alces), and water deer ( Hydropotes). These antlered cervids split from the horned ruminants Bos (cattle and yaks), Ovis (sheep) and Capra (goats) about 36 million years ago. [48] The Eurasian clade of Odocoileinae (Capreolini, Hydropotini and Alcini) split from the New World tribes of Capreolinae (Odocoileini and Rangiferini) in the Late Miocene, 8.7–9.6 million years ago. [49] Rangifer “evolved as a mountain deer, ...exploiting the subalpine and alpine meadows...”. [14] Rangifer originated in the Late Pliocene and diversified in the Early Pleistocene, a 2+ million-year period of multiple glacier advances and retreats. Several named Rangifer fossils in Eurasia and North America predate the evolution of modern tundra reindeer.

Reindeer Hot Chocolate in Jar - Etsy UK Reindeer Hot Chocolate in Jar - Etsy UK

A R. t. pearyi-sized caribou occupied Greenland before and after the LGM and persisted in a relict enclave in northeastern Greenland until it went extinct about 1900 (see discussion of R. t. eogroenlandicus below). Archaeological excavations showed that larger barren-ground-sized caribou appeared in western Greenland about 4,000 years ago. [59] Originally, the reindeer was found in Scandinavia, Eastern Europe, Greenland, Russia, Mongolia and northern China north of the 50th latitude. In North America, it was found in Canada, Alaska, and the northern contiguous United States from Maine to Washington. In the 19th century, it was still present in southern Idaho. [2] Even in historical times, it probably occurred naturally in Ireland, and it is believed to have lived in Scotland until the 12th century, when the last reindeer were hunted in Orkney. [169] During the Late Pleistocene Epoch, reindeer occurred further south in North America, such as in Nevada, Tennessee, and Alabama, [170] and as far south as Spain in Europe. [161] [171] Today, wild reindeer have disappeared from these areas, especially from the southern parts, where it vanished almost everywhere. Large populations of wild reindeer are still found in Norway, Finland, Siberia, Greenland, Alaska and Canada. The wild reindeer areas in Norway". Villrein.no - alt om villrein (in Norwegian) . Retrieved 14 November 2022.

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a b c "Designatable Units for Caribou ( Rangifer tarandus) in Canada" (PDF), COSEWIC, Ottawa, Ontario: Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada, p.88, 2011, archived from the original (PDF) on 3 January 2017 , retrieved 18 December 2013 Reindeer herding has been vital for the subsistence of several Eurasian nomadic indigenous peoples living in the circumpolar Arctic zone such as the Sámi, Nenets, and Komi. [219] Reindeer are used to provide renewable sources and reliable transportation. In Mongolia, the Dukha are known as the reindeer people. They are credited as one of the world's earliest domesticators. The Dukha diet consists mainly of reindeer dairy products. [220] COSEWIC (2014). COSEWIC assessment and status report on the caribou Rangifer tarandus, Northern Mountain population, Central Mountain population and Southern Mountain population in Canada (PDF) (Report). Ottawa, Ontario: Committee on Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC).

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In Scandinavia and Canada, reindeer hunting helped keep Indigenous peoples alive, from the Mesolithic and Neolithic periods all the way through modern times. In Norway, it is still common to find reindeer trapping pits, guiding fences, and bow rests dating from the Stone Age. And in Scandinavia, reindeer is still a popular meat, sold in grocery stores in fresh, canned, and dried forms. Almost all of the animal’s organs are edible and many are crucial ingredients of traditional dishes in the area. In North America, Inuit rely on caribou for traditional food, clothing, shelter, and tools. 11. Reindeer used to live farther south.In 2002, the Atlantic-Gaspésie population DU11 of the boreal woodland caribou was designated as Endangered by COSEWIC. The small isolated population of 200 animals was at risk from predation and habitat loss. The reindeer from Svalbard are the smallest of all. They are also relatively short-legged and may have a shoulder height of as little as 80cm (31in), [147] thereby following Allen's rule.