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Whole beetroot consumption acutely improves running performance. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 112, 548–552. 10.1016/j.jand.2011.12.002 In addition to the above findings, the chemosensitization effects of beetroot in tumors also aroused great interest. Doxorubicin is an effective cytotoxic antitumor drug. It could be used clinically to treat various malignant tumor such as breast cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, stomach cancer, and liver cancer (Cabeza etal., 2017; Dag etal., 2016; Marano etal., 2017). However, the use of doxorubicin is often accompanied by some side effects, significantly limiting its clinical application (Dag etal., 2016; Marano etal., 2017). At present, doxorubicin is mainly used in combination with other antitumor drugs. Studies have found that the antitumor efficacy was also improved by the combination of beetroot and doxorubicin. For instance, Sayantanee. Das et al. once studied the effects of co‐treatment with beetroot and doxorubicin on breast cancer cells MDA‐MB‐231 (Das etal., 2013 , 2016). The results in this study showed that the ROS level and cell apoptosis both were increased with treatment of beetroot in MDA‐MB‐231 cells. Similarly, in the breast (MCF‐7), prostate (PC‐3), and pancreatic (PaCa) cells, the co‐administration of doxorubicin with beetroot exhibited synergistic effect (Kapadia etal., 2013). Although Govind J. Kapadia et al. had previously declared that beetroot (betanin) exhibited significantly lower cytotoxicity compared with doxorubicin toward normal cells (Kapadia etal., 2011), it must continue to further explore the differential toxicity using doxorubicin alone or in combination with beetroot. Furthermore, the similar combined effects have been observed in studies using BC (Betacyanins) and XVX (Vitexin‐2‐O‐xyloside). A study by E. S. Scarpa et al. suggested that the combined use of XVX and BC caused an enhanced antitumor activity concerning the increased expression of pro‐apoptotic Bax, and downregulation of anti‐apoptotic BIRC5 (Survivin) and pro‐survival CTNNB1 (β‐Catenin) in T24 bladder cancer cells (Scarpa etal., 2016). Unlike the previous research of doxorubicin and beetroot, it also pointed out the combination of XVX and BC had no cytotoxic effect toward normal cells NCTC 2544 (Scarpa etal., 2016). However, it is not enough to use only one normal cell line to clarify their combination has less toxicity. It is necessary to offer toxicity assessment on other normal cells and carry out studies as supporting evidence in vivo. In another study, the scholars were not limited to research the combined effects of XVX and BC, betaxanthin (BX) that generated due to the resonance of double bond in BC was also involved (Farabegoli etal., 2017). It was found that double combinations of XVX and BC, XVX and BX or triple combinations of XVX, BC and BX all caused an increase in cytotoxicity toward CaCo‐2 cells. This probably attributed to betalains for its ability to reduce the mRNA level of COX‐2 and IL‐8. For chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients, it has begun to be gradually accepted that the application of beetroot–carrot juice provided a successful treatment for the complementary or alternative therapy combined with chlorambucil, a conventional leukemic treatment drug (Shakib etal., 2015). This effect was proved by the decrease of the number of leukocytes, lymphocytes in peripheral blood and improve the relevant biochemical parameters.
Red beetroot extract mitigates chlorpyrifos‐induced reprotoxicity associated with oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in rats. Environmental Science and Pollution Research International, 27, 3979–3991. 10.1007/s11356-019-07009-6The association between cardiovascular risk factors and high blood pressure in adolescents: A school‐based study. American Journal of Human Biology, 26, 518–522. 10.1002/ajhb.22555 Optimization of a probiotic beverage based on Moringa leaves 1 and beetroot. LWT‐Food Science and Technology, 63, 1268–1273. [ Google Scholar]
Use and perception of complementary and alternative medicine among cancer patients: The CAMEO‐PRO study: Complementary and alternative medicine in oncology. Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology, 144, 2029–2047. 10.1007/s00432-018-2709-2 Up next, a shopping list for a homemade recipe for beetroot juice… Ingredients for Beetroot Juice ShotsIn many cases, the prime ingredient in beetroot shots is beets, and you just need to juice them and then drink them raw. You can add whatever liquid that you want, such as water, soy milk, honey, or even a little bit of your favorite juice. In vitro effects of beetroot juice and chips on oxidative metabolism and apoptosis in neutrophils from obese individuals. Phytotherapy Research, 23, 49–55. [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar] Impact of processing of red beet on betalain content and antioxidant activity. Food Research International, 50, 670–675. 10.1016/j.foodres.2011.07.002 Beet root juice promotes apoptosis in oncogenic MDA‐MB‐231 cells while protecting cardiomyocytes under doxorubicin treatment. The Journal of Experimental Secondary Science, 2, 1–6. [ Google Scholar]
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