Spiders

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Several Carboniferous spiders were members of the Mesothelae, a primitive group now represented only by the Liphistiidae. [89] Despite the changes in Nefertiti's environment, the result of the experiment was that it was indeed able to adjust its feeding behavior to account for the effects of "zero-g" and still catch its prey.

Spiders in Space Reveal The Weird Things That Happen to Webs

Mammola, Stefano; Malumbres-Olarte, Jagoba; Arabesky, Valeria; Barrales-Alcalá, Diego Alejandro; Barrion-Dupo, Aimee Lynn; Benamú, Marco Antonio; Bird, Tharina L.; Bogomolova, Maria; Cardoso, Pedro; Chatzaki, Maria; Cheng, Ren-Chung; Chu, Tien-Ai; Classen-Rodríguez, Leticia M.; Čupić, Iva; Dhiya’ulhaq, Naufal Urfi (August 2022). "The global spread of misinformation on spiders". Current Biology. 32 (16): R871–R873. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.07.026. ISSN 0960-9822. PMID 35998593. S2CID 251727654. Brescovit, Antonio D.; Sánchez-Ruiz, Alexander (6 October 2016). "Descriptions of two new genera of the spider family Caponiidae (Arachnida, Araneae) and an update of Tisentnops and Taintnops from Brazil and Chile". ZooKeys (622): 47–84. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.622.8682. ISSN 1313-2989. PMC 5096409. PMID 27843380.

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Scholtz, Gerhard; Kamenz, Carsten (2006). "The book lungs of Scorpiones and Tetrapulmonata (Chelicerata, Arachnida): evidence for homology and a single terrestrialisation event of a common arachnid ancestor". Zoology. 109 (1): 2–13. doi: 10.1016/j.zool.2005.06.003. PMID 16386884. Cushing, P.E. (2008). "Spiders (Arachnida: Araneae)". In Capinera, J.L. (ed.). Encyclopedia of Entomology. Springer. p.3496. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_4320. ISBN 978-1-4020-6242-1. Space were formed in Liverpool in 1992 by vocalist and bass guitarist Tommy Scott, guitarist and co-vocalist Jamie Murphy and drummer Andy Parle and were initially inspired by The Kinks, Jimi Hendrix and The Who. Scott had been a familiar face on the Liverpool music circuit since the early 1980s; his first band, Hello Sunset, had been supported by an early line-up of The La's. Scott and Murphy had previously performed together in The Substitutes before renaming the band Space. Although most of the band were in their mid-20s, Murphy was only 17, and turned up to the band's first rehearsal session dressed in his school uniform. [11] Space recorded their debut single, " If It's Real", to fulfill a publishing deal they had signed with BMG. It was released on 5 July 1993 as a 12" single through Hug Records, set up by the band's long-time manager and supporter Mark Cowley, with artwork designed by Carl Hunter of The Farm. However, the trio were unhappy with the results, feeling it sounded 'generic' and too similar to other Liverpool bands at the time, and set out to find a new direction. a b c d "Currently valid spider genera and species". World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern . Retrieved 8 August 2022. The abdomen has no appendages except those that have been modified to form one to four (usually three) pairs of short, movable spinnerets, which emit silk. Each spinneret has many spigots, each of which is connected to one silk gland. There are at least six types of silk gland, each producing a different type of silk. [13] Spitting spiders also produce silk in modified venom glands. [37]

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Grant, Kieran. "Interviews Andy Parle - February 1997 - Toronto Sun". Space the Band . Retrieved 21 November 2016. Matsumoto, T. (1998). "Cooperative prey capture in the communal web spider, Philoponella raffray (Araneae, Uloboridae)" (PDF). Journal of Arachnology. 26: 392–96. a b W. Gitter, Karsten (14 February 1997). "Imprint: New Revolutions (Friday, February 14, 1997 (Volume 19, Number 27))". Imprint: New Revolutions. Archived from the original on 2 May 1997 . Retrieved 21 November 2016. {{ cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( link) Top 50 peaks: "australian-charts.com > Space [UK] in Australian Charts". Hung Medien . Retrieved 20 June 2019. The oldest known exclusively terrestrial arachnid is the trigonotarbid Palaeotarbus jerami, from about 420million years ago in the Silurian period, and had a triangular cephalothorax and segmented abdomen, as well as eight legs and a pair of pedipalps. [88] Attercopus fimbriunguis, from 386million years ago in the Devonian period, bears the earliest known silk-producing spigots, and was therefore hailed as a spider at the time of its discovery. [89] However, these spigots may have been mounted on the underside of the abdomen rather than on spinnerets, which are modified appendages and whose mobility is important in the building of webs. Hence Attercopus and the similar Permian arachnid Permarachne may not have been true spiders, and probably used silk for lining nests or producing egg cases rather than for building webs. [3] The largest known fossil spider as of 2011 is the araneid Nephila jurassica, from about 165million years ago, recorded from Daohuogo, Inner Mongolia in China. [90] Its body length is almost 25mm, (i.e., almost one inch).Suter, R. B.; Stratton, G. E. (2009). "Spitting Performance Parameters and Their Biomechanical Implications in the Spitting Spider, Scytodes thoracica". Journal of Insect Science. 9 (62): 1–15. doi: 10.1673/031.009.6201. PMC 3011943. PMID 20050781. a b c d Duffy, Thom (18 January 1997). "Space: The Next Frontier for Universal Records". Billboard. Vol.109, no.3. p.48 . Retrieved 22 November 2016. a b c Meehan, C.J.; Olson, E.J.; Curry, R.L. (21 August 2008). Exploitation of the Pseudomyrmex–Acacia mutualism by a predominantly vegetarian jumping spider (Bagheera kiplingi ). 93rd ESA Annual Meeting . Retrieved 10 October 2008. Like other arthropods, spiders are coelomates in which the coelom is reduced to small areas around the reproductive and excretory systems. Its place is largely taken by a hemocoel, a cavity that runs most of the length of the body and through which blood flows. The heart is a tube in the upper part of the body, with a few ostia that act as non-return valves allowing blood to enter the heart from the hemocoel but prevent it from leaving before it reaches the front end. [16] However, in spiders, it occupies only the upper part of the abdomen, and blood is discharged into the hemocoel by one artery that opens at the rear end of the abdomen and by branching arteries that pass through the pedicle and open into several parts of the cephalothorax. Hence spiders have open circulatory systems. [13] The blood of many spiders that have book lungs contains the respiratory pigment hemocyanin to make oxygen transport more efficient. [14]

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Avenging Angels": "Response from ARIA re: chart inquiry, received 14 July 2015". Imgur.com. Archived from the original on 16 July 2015 . Retrieved 10 March 2016.Cooke, J.A.L.; Roth, V.D.; Miller, F.H. (1972). "The urticating hairs of theraphosid spiders". American Museum Novitates (2498). hdl: 2246/2705. In 1994, Franny Griffiths, who had previously played with Scott in Hello Sunset and The Australians, was brought in to join them on keyboards and electronics, and would eventually establish their distinct style. On 15 January 1995, the band secured a recording contract with Gut Records, who released their first single, "Money", in November that year. The single "Neighbourhood"' followed in March 1996, but it was not until the release of their next single, "Female of the Species", that they achieved top 40 success. This song was also the theme song to the UK television series Cold Feet. a b "Response from ARIA re: chart inquiry, received 17 February 2016". imgur.com . Retrieved 10 March 2016. Ono, H. (2002). "New and Remarkable Spiders of the Families Liphistiidae, Argyronetidae, Pisauridae, Theridiidae and Araneidae (Arachnida) from Japan". Bulletin of the National Science Museum (Of Japan), Series A. 28 (1): 51–60. a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj Ruppert, Fox & Barnes 2004, pp.571–84